The government plays a crucial role in the oil and gas industry by regulating exploration, production, and distribution activities, ensuring environmental protection, and managing national resources. It sets policies, enacts laws, and collects revenues through taxes, royalties, and licensing fees. Additionally, the government is responsible for balancing economic interests with environmental concerns, promoting energy security, and fostering international trade and cooperation in the global energy market.

Residential oil and gas refer to the use of petroleum products (like heating oil) and natural gas in homes for heating, cooking, hot water, and sometimes electricity generation. These energy sources are commonly used in areas where natural gas infrastructure is available or where heating oil is a more viable option. The supply is typically managed through utility companies, and consumers pay for usage based on consumption, often with price fluctuations tied to market conditions.

Commercial oil and gas refer to the use of petroleum and natural gas products by businesses, industries, and commercial establishments for energy needs such as heating, cooling, cooking, electricity, and powering machinery. These businesses may rely on natural gas for production processes, large-scale heating systems, and to operate equipment. The supply and pricing of commercial oil and gas are typically managed through utility companies or direct contracts with suppliers, with consumption being higher compared to residential usage due to the larger scale of operations.