The oil and gas industry involves the exploration, extraction, refining, and distribution of petroleum products. It plays a crucial role in providing energy for transportation, heating, electricity generation, and as raw materials for chemicals and plastics.

The industry is divided into upstream (exploration and production), midstream (transportation and storage), and downstream (refining and marketing) sectors. It is one of the largest and most influential industries globally, with significant impacts on the economy, geopolitics, and the environment.